List of abstracts, 2026 all issues

Vol. 11, No 1

Popov D. A. Keywords: Sergei Verigin, German Chumakov, World War II, Karelia during the Great Patriotic War, Finnish intelligence, collaborationism in Karelia	Sergei Gennadyevich Verigin: Pros and Cons of History. Celebrating the Teacher's Anniversary This article, dedicated to the anniversary of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Sergei Gennadyevich Verigin, examines the main themes, conclusions, and concepts of his monographs, analyzes his historiographical contribution to studying the history of World War II in the European North, and encourages further study of this topic based on his fundamental publications. It also briefly examines his academic biography and offers the author's personal view on Professor Verigin, who became a true mentor and guide to the world of historical scholarship for him.
Ignatovich V. S. Keywords: Qing Empire, Russian state, eighteenth century, Lorenz Lange, S. L. Vladislavich-Raguzinsky, diplomatic diaries	The 300th Anniversary of Lorenz Lange's Journey on S. L. Vladislavich-Raguzinsky's Embassy The article analyzes the embassy of S. L. Vladislavich-Raguzinsky from the Russian Empire to the Qing Dynasty during 1725–1727. The embassy included Lorenz Lange, a Swedish officer serving in Russia. The author explores Peter the Great's foreign policy goals in East Asia during the first third of the 18th century, reasons behind the embassy's departure initiated by Peter the Great, and the course of the journey from 1725 to 1727. The study highlights the significance of Russia's first permanent and robust bilateral ties with China, which led to establishing sustainable relations between the two countries.
Izetov R. A. Keywords: Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic, Crimean Tatars, RSFSR People&#039;s Commissariat for Nationalities, Crimean representative office of the RSFSR People&#039;s Commissariat for Nationalities, Zainulla Bulushev, 1921	Zainulla Bulushev's Activities in Crimea in March–June 1921 This article aims to examine the activities of Zainulla Bulushev (1886–1965), the Crimean representative of the People's Commissariat for Nationalities of the RSFSR, during the first half of 1921 in Crimea. This topic is relevant due to the recent discovery of a number of new historical sources on this issue, including periodical publications and archival documents, which necessitate a more detailed analysis of materials that were previously introduced into scholarly circulation. The author concludes that Bulushev played an important role in strengthening and expanding the work of the Crimean representative office of the People's Commissariat for Nationalities.
Tishkevich A. A. Keywords: permanent magnet, magnetic force, electric motor, torque, internal combustion engine	Benefits of Using Rare Earth Magnets in Electric Motors Design The article discusses materials used for manufacturing permanent magnets, alloys and compounds of these materials, as well as the properties of magnets intended for electric motors. The characteristics of an electric motor with magnets made of rare earth metals and an internal combustion engine of the same power are compared. The article presents a design of an internal-wheeled electric motor with an external rotor with permanent magnets is presented. The study aims to identify and substantiate the advantages of using rare earth magnets in electric motors design for potential improvement of their performance characteristics. The findings can be useful both for scientific community and technicians involved in electric motors development and production.
Kalinina P. N. Keywords: instructional design, modernization of education, teachers, learning models, efficiency, design of educational environment, approach	Instructional Design as a Current Trend of Education Modernization The article explores instructional design as a trend in the modernization of education. It analyzes the dynamics of interest in this topic within the scientific literature and examines the evolution of the concept along with its key models. Special attention is paid to the results of a student survey, which revealed a contradiction between the importance of this approach and the lack of awareness regarding its tools. This contradiction indicates the need to integrate instructional design into the content of methodological training of future teachers.
Panina M. D. Keywords: cognitive activity, questioning techniques, primary school students	Questioning Techniques as a Means of Developing Cognitive Activity of Primary School Students The article explores the development of cognitive activity in primary school students through the use of questioning techniques. The author proposes a practical system of questioning methods, including Bloom's Cube, Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats, Ask the Author, and the Question of the Day, tested in primary classroom settings. Based on experimental data, the study concludes that these techniques are effective in developing the cognitive activity of younger school children. The article presents diagnostic results, supported by statistical analysis, along with specific examples of the educational process organisation.
Kozhevnikov A. K. Keywords: public events, mass events, freedom of assembly, legal regulation, constitutional law, mass actions, notification procedure	Problems of Differentiation and Legal Regulation of Various Forms of Public Events: A Comparative Analysis The study focuses on the problems of distinguishing and legally regulating various forms of public events in Russia, including assemblies, rallies, demonstrations, marches, and picketing. It examines normative legal acts, international standards, and judicial practice through comparative legal and systematic analysis. The results show that there is no single approach to terminology and procedural issues, which creates legal uncertainty and impedes exercising the constitutional right to freedom of assembly.
Rodionova V. D. Keywords: Zamyatin, syntax, parenthetical insertion, structural classification of insertions, functional classification of insertions, correlation between syntactic form and function, alternative parenthetical insertion, non-alternative parenthetical insertion	The Role of Parenthetical Insertions in Yevgeny Zamyatin's Novel We The article offers a structural and functional analysis of parenthetical bracketed constructions in Yevgeny Zamyatin’s novel We. The study aims to determine the role of these parenthetical constructions in the text and identify their linguistic characteristics. The research employs two classifications: a structural typology based on formal features, divided into two levels, and a functional typology. An analysis grounded in these classifications is presented, leading to conclusions regarding the systematic use of parenthetical constructions in the novel.
Hirsin M. A. Keywords: small retail, marketplaces, platform economy, institutional trap, diversification of sales channels, D2C (direct-to-consumer), omnichannel, adaptive strategies	Diversification of Sales Channels as a Strategy for Adapting Small Retail to the Institutional Conditions of Marketplaces The article examines the problem of small retail's sustainability in the context of the dominance of digital platforms (marketplaces). It is argued that focusing solely on a single distribution channel creates an institutional trap: a low entry threshold is combined with high transaction costs, opaque rules, and the pressure of advertising auctions, which reduces the long-term viability of small entrepreneurs. The article concludes that in the context of the platform economy, small retail should transition to an omnichannel model.

Vol. 11, No 2

Bobrova K. D. Keywords: pharmacy, Helsingfors, pharmaceutics, traditional medicine, professional societies, pharmaceutical divide	The Pharmaceutical Divide: European Standards and Traditional Medicine in the Grand Duchy of Finland This study analyzes the sharp contrast between state-led and popular sectors in the development of the pharmacy network in the Grand Duchy of Finland during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It addresses the causes of infrastructural lag in the periphery and the role of local shortages in preserving traditional healing methods. The paper characterizes the medical landscape of Suomi as a dual system, in which academic standards lacked the necessary resources to overcome the widespread popularity of folk practices.
Vasilyeva Y. A. Keywords: computer science, screencast, screencasting, interactive electronic educational resources, exam, ActivePresenter	Developing an Educational Resource Package in ActivePresenter for Main State Exam Preparation in Informatics This article explores the capabilities of ActivePresenter software for preparing students for the practical part of the Main State Exam (OGE) in computer science. Analysis of exam tasks, free preparation resources, and a teacher survey revealed a lack of systematic materials for Part 2 tasks. The main research goal was to develop an educational resource package in ActivePresenter, including structured screencasts, interactive tasks, video analyses, and a task bank. The resulting resource enables students to prepare for the exam independently and allows teachers to draw on high-quality visual material.
Pavlov M. P. Keywords: image augmentation, controlled transformations, training set, model robustness, adversarial defense, generative models	Controlled Image Transformations for Expanding AI Model Training Sets in Computer Vision Manual preparation of images for computer vision tasks is labor-intensive and expensive, limiting an AI model's training set and leading to overfitting and instability under varying acquisition conditions. This work systematizes methods of controlled image transformations that augment the training set and examines their impact on model quality and security. The proposed approach improves accuracy, generalization ability, and robustness to adversarial attacks. The article also discusses transitioning to generative synthesis of complex noise, which enables the development of reliable systems operating under rare distortions or phenomena.
Panchueva O. M. Keywords: nuclear energy, nuclear diplomacy, scientific and technical cooperation, ensuring technological sovereignty, technological leadership, Russia, Africa, El-Dabaa nuclear power plant	Russian–African Cooperation in Nuclear Energy The relevance of this study is determined by the interpretation of “nuclear diplomacy” as a tool of geopolitical influence and economic interaction between Russia and African countries, one that involves Russian companies, primarily Rosatom. Drawing on an analysis of interstate treaties and the El-Dabaa nuclear power plant project through institutional and functional approaches, the study demonstrates Russia's presence in Africa's nuclear energy sector and assesses the effectiveness of nuclear diplomacy in enhancing Russia's role on the continent.
Taeva U. E. Keywords: cardiotocography, machine learning, inter-expert variability, clinical decision support system, CTG interpretation, foetal monitoring, artificial intelligence	Subjectivity in Visual Cardiotocography Interpretation and Prospects for Machine-Based Analysis Cardiotocography is the primary method of intrauterine foetal monitoring. However, its visual interpretation is subjective: inter-expert agreement on assessment does not exceed 48 %, and no guidelines provide both high sensitivity and specificity simultaneously. A review of 67 publications between 2015 and 2025 showed that ML algorithms outperform visual assessment in terms of reproducibility, achieving accuracy of 87–99 %, but their applicability is limited by training data imbalance and reduced accuracy on new samples. A promising direction is integrating AI into clinical decision support systems.
Martynov A. A., Ilyukov E. A. Keywords: social media, digital anthropology, digital history, public page administrators, content analysis, sentiment analysis, Great Patriotic War memory, Loukhi District history	Military and Historical Content Creation Practices in Library Public Pages on VKontakte Social Network Drawing on surveys of administrators and quantitative analysis of publications and comments on official VKontakte pages run by libraries in the Loukhi District, the authors identify key features of military and historical content creation. The study shows that the core of the historical narrative consists of episodes from the Great Patriotic War history in the Loukhi District and Karelia. Overall, the comments display a neutrally positive emotional tone, and the materials that generate the greatest user response address local history or appeal to personal or family experience.
Shorikov D. V. Keywords: Soviet militia, periodicals of the 1920s and 1930s, representation of law enforcement agencies, content analysis of newspaper publications, official deviations, daily routine of law enforcement agencies	Militia Activities in the Second Half of the 1920s and Early 1930s: A Study of Soviet and Émigré Periodicals Drawing on Soviet and émigré periodicals from the second half of the 1920s to the early 1930s, and cross-referencing them with materials from the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg and the Central State Archive of Historical and Political Documents of St. Petersburg, this study traces the evolution of the militia image from extensive criticism of official abuses (drunkenness, bribery, personnel shortage) to an ideologized scheme that attributed these problems to a "foreign element". By the early 1930s, critical materials had almost disappeared, giving way to class-based rhetoric. The study shows that the émigré press, unlike the Soviet press, retained critical coverage and served as an important source of verification.
Kulikov D. S. Keywords: polymers, cellulose, artificial intelligence, X-ray diffraction analysis	Automated X-ray Image Processing and Structural Modelling Using AI Methods This paper addresses automating X-ray diffraction analysis of cellulose from recycled paper, an important step in assessing recycled paper quality. The aim was to develop a Python-based toolkit for pre-processing diffractograms, calculating the degree of crystallinity, identifying impurities, and modelling sample structure. The authors employed the Savitzky–Golay filter, the AsLS method, peak approximation using a pseudo-Voigt profile, and neural network analysis. The results show a high degree of agreement between automatic and manual calculations, along with a significant reduction in processing time.
Samsonov I. A. Keywords: polynomials, Smirnov-type inequality, Smirnov operator	Smirnov-Type Inequality for Polynomials with One Zero in the Left Half-Plane In 1887, D. I. Mendeleev posed the following mathematical problem: for a polynomial f,\|f(x)\|≤M, x∈[a,b], estimate \|f'(x)\|. This question has generated a large number of papers on various types of differential inequalities for polynomials. In classical studies, it was assumed that all the zeros of the majorizing polynomial lie in the same region (for example, in the unit circle, the right half-plane, etc.). We remove this requirement by assuming that one zero lies in the left half-plane and the others lie in the right half-plane. This paper obtains an analogue of the Smirnov inequality for such polynomials.
Shesterikova P. V. Keywords: transregionalism, ASEAN, European Union, interregional cooperation, Southeast Asia, international relations	Features of Transregional Cooperation: The Case of ASEAN–EU Relations The article examines transregional cooperation through the lens of ASEAN–EU relations amid growing importance of interregional engagement formats. Drawing on comparative and institutional analysis, the paper identifies the prerequisites for dialogue, the key stages of its development, and the contradictions arising from the asymmetry of the parties' political and economic influence. The study concludes that this partnership combines mutual interest in trade with elements of the EU's normative pressure on Southeast Asian states.
Yashin I. V. Keywords: indigenous small-numbered peoples, Republic of Karelia, non-profit organizations, Vepsians	Problems in the Functioning of Vepsian Public Organizations in Modern Karelia: An Institutional Analysis Using the example of the Vepsian Cultural Society in Karelia, this article analyzes barriers facing ethnic NGOs: grant dependence (an institutional trap), high transaction costs, and an aging workforce. Current government support focuses on short-term projects, undermining organizational sustainability. The article argues for a transition to systemic support for civil society institutions rather than project-based funding.
Ilyichov S. A. Keywords: virtual property, game items, civil law qualification, objects of civil rights, licence agreement, loot box, digital asset, Team Fortress 2	Virtual Items in Team Fortress 2: Problems of Civil Law Qualification The article examines the legal nature of virtual game items using Team Fortress 2 as a case study. The aim is to assess the applicability of existing legal regimes to virtual game property. Using formal legal and comparative methods, alongside a case study of the 2019 "Crate Depression" incident, the article analyses three competing approaches: the licence model, the service model, and the property rights model. The author concludes that current Russian legislation is inadequate for the qualification of virtual items and proposes directions for legislative reform.
Kruglova V. V., Makarevich V. D. Keywords: sports psychology, motivation, physical education, sport	Features of Motivation for Physical Activity and Sport among Students in Sports and Non-Sports Majors This article examines motivation for physical activity and sport among students in sports and non-sports majors. Its relevance stems from the high proportion of students with a sedentary lifestyle. The study revealed that physical activity and sport are perceived differently by students: those in non-sports majors display more utilitarian and adaptive motivation, while their counterparts in sports majors show deep, multifaceted, and professionally oriented motivation.
Lukshina V. A. Keywords: professional well-being, burnout, professional burnout, attitude towards work, healthcare professionals	Professional Well-Being, Burnout, and Work Attitudes among Healthcare Professionals This article reports a study of professional well-being in relation to professional burnout and attitudes to work among healthcare professionals in Petrozavodsk. It presents the results of a questionnaire survey of practicing specialists with higher and secondary vocational education from two healthcare institutions, conducted using three diagnostic methods. The study found significant correlations between professional well-being , burnout components, and attitudes to work. Factor analysis revealed three key aspects of medical workers' professional lives.
Petrova E. A. Keywords: psychological separation, student psychological well-being, emotional independence, functional independence	Separation from Parents and Student Psychological Well-Being The transition to independent student life requires complete separation from parents, which significantly affects psychological well-being. This pilot study reveals that separation from one's mother and father contributes to different aspects of well-being: independence from the mother is linked to autonomy and environmental mastery, whereas independence from the father is linked to self-acceptance and overall psychological well-being. These findings offer scope for further investigation into gender aspects of separation within Russian samples.
Khiarginen A. M. Keywords: role model, personal identity, identity, generational theory, generation X, generation Z, zoomers	A Comparative Analysis of Role Models and Personal Identity in Generations X and Z This article reports findings of a study of role models and personal identity in Generations X and Z and explores their relationship. Its relevance reflects the insufficient attention given to role models in the psychological literature and the inconsistency of data obtained on Generation Z. The findings demonstrate that the two generations differ in their choice of role models, yet their personal identity shows significant similarities. No clear relationship between role models and identity emerged for Generation Z, whereas such a relationship is partially present in Generation X.
Bespalova A. V. Keywords: artificial intelligence, automatic text generation, chatbot, linguistic analysis	Features of Automatic Summary Generation for Fiction by Chatbots The spread of artificial intelligence has made assessing the quality of AI-generated texts a pressing issue. Our goal was therefore to identify the characteristics of this generation process and evaluate such texts. To achieve this goal, we used methods of analysis, induction, measurement, and comparison. We analysed 38 retold texts produced by five neural networks using 11 criteria. This enabled us to conclude that chatbot-generated retellings were unsuitable for use at the time of the study and to identify the characteristics of neural network text generation.
Kolesova A. M. Keywords: shadow employment, informal employment, social consequences, pension rights, labour guarantees, legalization, self-employment	Social Consequences of Shadow Employment for Workers The article discusses the concept and main forms of shadow employment and analyzes its causes from the perspective of both employers and employees. It pays special attention to the social consequences for employees. The study also describes government counteraction measures, including legislative innovations and digital tools for legalizing employment. In conclusion, the article calls for an integrated approach to addressing shadow employment, combining control and supervisory measures, reducing barriers to legalization, and improving the financial literacy of employees.